When a person with early onset Alzheimer’s disease is indifferent to activities they once enjoyed and are not motivated to accomplish simple tasks, this is known as apathy. When determining if your loved one is experiencing apathy, compare their current level of interest and motivation to their previous levels of function. Lack of interest and motivation in the following areas are common signs of apathy:
- Activities of daily living (e.g., bathing, dressing, grooming)
- Starting and participating in conversations
- Involvement in family matters
- Showing little or no emotional response to positive or negative events
You may be thinking this sounds a lot like depression. While there are similarities and apathy can be a symptom of depression, there is a difference. If someone is only experiencing apathy, they will not show common signs of depression such as sad mood, hopelessness, guilt, or suicidal thoughts. It is important for care partners to pay close attention to their loved one’s symptoms and accurately share the information with your loved one’s doctor. If apathy is viewed as depression and treated with antidepressants, the medication may be ineffective, and in some cases, can make symptoms worse.
If your loved one with early onset Alzheimer’s disease is experiencing apathy, the following suggestions can enhance your loved one’s environment and involvement in daily activities:
- Engage them in a variety of activities they previously enjoyed with the understanding their cognitive abilities have changed. Offer encouragement and praise.
- Daily exercise such as walking, stretching or other physical activities they enjoy. Sometimes having a friend or family member exercise with them is motivating and enjoyable.
- Take time each day and talk with your loved one. Reminiscing about happy memories, vacations, favorite times together is a good way increase connection and have meaningful conversations.
- Music and art are powerful tools to engage your loved one. Create a playlist of your loved one’s favorite songs. Many communities offer art classes designed for people with cognitive impairment. Additionally, there may be art instructors who will come to your home. Check with local art programs for recommendations in your area.